Preparation and Consent Examination of stoma Begin by introducing yourself to the patient and confirming their identity. Wash your hands thoroughly. Explain, in simple and reassuring terms, that you will be examining their stoma to check that it is healthy and functioning well. Obtain verbal consent before proceeding. Position the patient comfortably, ideally reclined at […]
Surgical wounds are classified into four main categories, known as the Altemeier system, to help predict the risk of infection. This classification guides surgical teams in planning procedures, choosing prophylactic antibiotics, and managing patient care. Category 1: Clean Wounds (Class I) This is the lowest risk category, representing a procedure where the surgical site is
Surgical Wounds: A Guide to Classification (The Altemeier System) Read Post »
Principles of Vascular Anastomosis—requires precise technique and specific materials to ensure long-term patency and prevent complications. Below are the essential principles surgeons must adhere to. 1. Selection of Suture Material for Vascular Anastomosis The gold standard for vascular repair is Polypropylene. This material is preferred because it is a non-absorbable, monofilament suture. 2. Suture Sizing
Introduction The Enhanced Recovery After Surgery protocol represents a multidisciplinary, multimodal approach to perioperative care, designed to attenuate surgical stress and accelerate patient recovery (Modrzyk et al., 2020) (Gramlich et al., 2017). These protocols integrate various evidence-based interventions across the preoperative, intraoperative, and postoperative phases to optimize patient outcomes and reduce complications (Pędziwiatr et al.,
Enhanced Recovery After Surgery (ERAS) Protocol: Read Post »
Introduction Malnutrition has a big effect on surgical outcomes, which means that patients who are malnourished are less likely to be good candidates for surgery. Surgery itself causes physiological stress, which puts the body in a hyper-metabolic state and a catabolic response. This might be bad for people who are already malnourished. The level of
Introduction Diaphragmatic hernia are problems with the diaphragm that happen at weak spots in the body’s structure. These disorders can be either congenital or acquired, with the latter typically resulting from traumatic causes. If not treated, the contents of the abdomen can push through the thoracic cavity, which needs surgery. This aritcle is not about
Appendectomy, the surgical removal of the appendix, is the standard treatment for acute appendicitis. The procedure can be performed via open or laparoscopic techniques, with the choice depending on the patient’s condition, surgeon expertise, and available resources. Below is a detailed overview of both approaches, including historical context, procedural steps, and special considerations. FIGURE 1: Intraoperative appendectomy pictures A:
Introduction Every surgery starts before the patient even arrives to the operating room. As doctors, we know that what happens in the days or weeks before surgery can have a huge effect on what happens during and after the procedure. Filling these forms is only part of the pre-operative assessment. It’s a really critical clinical
General SurgeryPlanning the incision is very important in cardiothoracic surgery because it affects the results after surgery, the flexibility during surgery, the exposure, and the access. The pathophysiology dictates the operation; nevertheless, the feasibility of executing it effectively and safely is contingent upon the incision employed. This page talks about the most common cardiothoracic incisions,
