Preparation and Consent Examination of stoma Begin by introducing yourself to the patient and confirming their identity. Wash your hands thoroughly. Explain, in simple and reassuring terms, that you will be examining their stoma to check that it is healthy and functioning well. Obtain verbal consent before proceeding. Position the patient comfortably, ideally reclined at […]
Surgical wounds are classified into four main categories, known as the Altemeier system, to help predict the risk of infection. This classification guides surgical teams in planning procedures, choosing prophylactic antibiotics, and managing patient care. Category 1: Clean Wounds (Class I) This is the lowest risk category, representing a procedure where the surgical site is
Surgical Wounds: A Guide to Classification (The Altemeier System) Read Post »
Principles of Vascular Anastomosis—requires precise technique and specific materials to ensure long-term patency and prevent complications. Below are the essential principles surgeons must adhere to. 1. Selection of Suture Material for Vascular Anastomosis The gold standard for vascular repair is Polypropylene. This material is preferred because it is a non-absorbable, monofilament suture. 2. Suture Sizing
Introduction Diaphragmatic hernia are problems with the diaphragm that happen at weak spots in the body’s structure. These disorders can be either congenital or acquired, with the latter typically resulting from traumatic causes. If not treated, the contents of the abdomen can push through the thoracic cavity, which needs surgery. This aritcle is not about
Appendectomy, the surgical removal of the appendix, is the standard treatment for acute appendicitis. The procedure can be performed via open or laparoscopic techniques, with the choice depending on the patient’s condition, surgeon expertise, and available resources. Below is a detailed overview of both approaches, including historical context, procedural steps, and special considerations. FIGURE 1: Intraoperative appendectomy pictures A:
Introduction Diabetic foot complications, including ulcers and infections, are serious concerns for individuals with diabetes. Without proper DF management, these conditions can lead to severe infections, amputations, and even life-threatening complications. This guide covers prevention, diagnosis, and treatment to help patients and healthcare providers manage DF problems effectively. Complications 1. Key Clinical Features of Diabetic Foot Patients
Introduction Choledocholithiasis, the presence of stones in the common bile duct (CBD), is a serious condition that can lead to complications like cholangitis, pancreatitis, and obstructive jaundice. Effective choledocholithiasis management involves prompt diagnosis, medical stabilization, and definitive stone removal. This guide outlines a structured approach to treatment, ensuring optimal patient outcomes. Symptoms and Clinical Presentation 1. Key
Management of Choledocholithiasis: Diagnosis & Treatment Read Post »
Introduction Cholelithiasis, commonly known as gallstones, is a prevalent condition that can lead to severe complications if not managed properly. Effective cholelithiasis management involves immediate stabilization, diagnostic evaluation, medical therapy, and, in many cases, surgical intervention. This guide outlines a structured approach to treating gallstones, ensuring optimal patient outcomes. Initial Stabilization and Assessment 1. Maintain ABCDE Approach
Introduction to Laparoscopic Techniques Laparoscopic surgery, also known as minimal access surgery, has significantly transformed modern surgical practices. Derived from the Greek words “laparo” (abdomen) and “scopy” (to examine), laparoscopy enables surgeons to examine and operate on the abdominal cavity with minimal incisions. Thanks to advances in optical technology, surgical instruments, and techniques over the
Laparoscopic Techniques: Complications, and Best Practices Read Post »
Introduction Surgical drains play a crucial role in postoperative care, helping to evacuate fluids, prevent seroma formation, and monitor complications. However, prolonged drain retention can increase infection risks and tissue irritation. This article outlines evidence-based principles for drain removal, covering timing, techniques, and special considerations across various surgical procedures. When Should a Drain Be Removed? A drain
Drain Removal in Surgical Practice: Timing, Principles and Protocols Read Post »
