Abdominal Surgery

Intra-abdominal Hypertension and Abdominal Compartment Syndrome

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Introduction The acute abdomen often involves alterations in intra-abdominal pressure (IAP), which can be both a cause and consequence of pathology. Elevated IAP can lead to Abdominal Compartment Syndrome (ACS), a critical condition requiring prompt surgical intervention. This post provides a comprehensive overview of IAP, ACS, and their surgical management, drawing on key insights from […]

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Ranson Criteria:

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Acute pancreatitis is a potentially life-threatening condition that requires prompt and accurate assessment to determine its severity and guide treatment. Among the various scoring systems available, the Ranson Criteria and its modified version, the Modified Ranson Criteria, remain widely used tools for predicting the severity and mortality of acute pancreatitis. This article provides a detailed comparison of the

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Overview of Stomas: Colostomy and Ileostomy

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Introduction to Stomas A stoma is an artificial opening created in the colon (colostomy) or small intestine (ileostomy) to divert feces and flatus outside the abdomen. This allows waste to be collected in an external appliance. Stomas can be temporary or permanent, depending on the medical necessity. Types of Stomas 1. Colostomy 2. Ileostomy Key Differences Between Colostomy and Ileostomy

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Meckel’s Diverticulum:

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Meckel’s diverticulum is the most common congenital anomaly of the gastrointestinal (GI) tract, affecting approximately 2% of the population. It is a true diverticulum, meaning it contains all layers of the bowel wall. This condition is often asymptomatic but can lead to complications such as bleeding, intestinal obstruction, and diverticulitis. Below is a detailed exploration

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CT Severity Index (CTSI) and Modified CTSI

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Aspect CT Severity Index (CTSI) Modified CT Severity Index (Modified CTSI) Development Developed by Balthazar et al. in 1990. An enhanced version of CTSI, addressing limitations of the original index. Purpose To classify acute pancreatitis into mild, moderate, and severe categories. To better predict patient outcomes, including hospital stay and organ failure risks. Key Components

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Approach to the Management of Acute Abdomen

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Presenting Complaint and History of Presenting Complaint When evaluating a patient with acute abdominal pain(acute abdomen), begin by understanding the presenting complaint and its history. This involves a systematic approach to gather relevant details about the pain and associated symptoms. Onset Determine when the pain began. Was it sudden, gradual, or rapid in onset? Sudden

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PILONIDAL SINUS

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Pilonidal sinus is a condition frequently observed in individuals with significant body hair, particularly males aged 20–29. It is often linked to extended periods of sitting on hard surfaces and is sometimes referred to as ‘jeep disease.’ The issue typically occurs in the natal cleft near the coccyx. Symptoms and Characteristics Non-Surgical Management for Mild

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Liver Anatomy – Complete Guide For Surgeon in 2025

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Introduction to Comprehensive Overview of Liver Anatomy The liver, the largest internal organ in the human body, is a vital hub for metabolism, detoxification, and digestion, making its anatomy a cornerstone of medical knowledge. This guide provides a detailed exploration of the liver’s structure, covering its ligaments, dual blood supply (from the hepatic artery and portal vein), segmental anatomy as

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Laparoscopic Adjustable gastric banding - bariatric surgery, weight loss surgery, weight reduction surgery.

Laparoscopic Adjustable Gastric Banding: Bariatric Surgery

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Introduction Laparoscopic adjustable gastric banding (LAGB) is a bariatric procedure that involves placing an inflatable silicone band around the upper part of the stomach to create a small pouch. The band is connected to a subcutaneous port, allowing for adjustments to control the tightness of the band. While LAGB gained popularity due to its safety

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Laparoscopic Biliopancreatic Diversion and Duodenal Switch Surgery

Biliopancreatic Diversion and Duodenal Switch: Bariatric Surgery

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IntroductionBiliopancreatic diversion (BPD) and duodenal switch (DS) are advanced bariatric procedures designed to promote significant weight loss through a combination of restrictive and malabsorptive mechanisms. These procedures are technically complex and are typically reserved for patients with higher BMIs or those who have not achieved success with other weight loss surgeries. While effective, they come

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