Surgery

Essential Surgical Skills: Ensuring Patient Safety and Optimal Outcomes

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Essential Surgical Skills: Successful surgical outcomes depend on a combination of knowledge, technical skills, and sound judgment. While technical expertise is crucial, modern surgeons must also master non-technical skills, such as communication, empathy, and teamwork, to ensure patient safety. A surgeon’s responsibility begins long before the first incision—ensuring proper patient positioning, equipment setup, and adherence to safety protocols is vital. […]

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Midfoot Conditions: Arthritis, Charcot, Tendinopathy & Ganglions

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Midfoot conditions Anatomy of the Midfoot The midfoot consists of the cuneiforms, cuboid, and their connecting joints, playing a crucial role in foot stability and movement. Read more Ortho Topics Midfoot Arthritis Causes & Risk Factors Symptoms Treatment ✅ Non-Surgical Management (First-Line) ⚠️ Surgery (High Risk, Limited Success) Charcot Neuroarthropathy Warning Signs Urgent Management Less Common Midfoot Issues

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Sesamoid Problems & Lesser Toe Deformities: Causes & Treatments

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sesamoid-injuries Sesamoid Injuries & Disorders The sesamoid bones (small bones beneath the big toe joint) can develop painful conditions due to acute trauma or chronic stress. Acute Sesamoid Injuries (Turf Toe & Fractures) Chronic Sesamoid Conditions Includes stress fractures, avascular necrosis (bone death), and sesamoiditis (inflammation)—often overlapping in symptoms. Lesser Toe Deformities: Hammer, Mallet & Claw Toes These deformities

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Morton’s Neuroma & Metatarsalgia: Causes, Symptoms & Treatment

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Morton’s Neuroma & Metatarsalgia What is Metatarsalgia? Metatarsalgia refers to pain and inflammation in the ball of the foot, often caused by: What is Morton’s Neuroma? Morton’s neuroma is a painful nerve compression most commonly occurring between the third and fourth toes. It develops when the common digital nerve becomes thickened and irritated, usually due to: Symptoms of Morton’s Neuroma

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freiberg's disease, is freiberg's disease a disabilty ?

Freiberg’s Disease: Causes, Symptoms, and Treatment Options

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What is Freiberg’s Disease? Freiberg’s disease is a rare foot condition characterized by ischemic necrosis (bone death due to poor blood supply) of the metatarsal head, most commonly affecting the second or third metatarsal. This leads to joint pain, swelling, and stiffness, often making walking uncomfortable. Symptoms of Freiberg’s Disease Causes & Risk Factors Freiberg’s disease is caused by disrupted

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Hallux Rigidus: Causes, Symptoms, and Treatment Options

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What is Hallux Rigidus? Hallux rigidus is a degenerative arthritis of the big toe’s metatarsophalangeal (MTP) joint, leading to stiffness, pain, and limited motion—especially when lifting the toe (dorsiflexion). Over time, bone spurs (osteophytes) develop around the joint, worsening discomfort. Causes & Risk Factors Symptoms Non-Surgical Treatments Surgical Treatment Options If conservative methods fail, surgery may be recommended: 1. Cheilectomy

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Hallux Valgus: Causes, Symptoms, and Treatment Options

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What is Hallux Valgus? Hallux valgus, commonly known as a bunion, is a foot deformity where the big toe deviates outward (toward the smaller toes), often accompanied by a bony bump (bunion) on the inner side of the foot. This condition is more prevalent in women and is frequently bilateral (affecting both feet). Causes of Hallux Valgus Symptoms and Progression As the deformity worsens:

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bladder cancer

Bladder Cancer: Types, Staging and Management

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Bladder cancer is a broad term used to describe all types of cancers affecting the urinary bladder. It includes several distinct types, each with unique characteristics, risk factors, and treatment approaches. Below, we provide a comprehensive overview of bladder cancer based on the latest medical knowledge. Types of Bladder Cancer Transitional Cell Carcinoma (TCC) Of

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